NA ="New Norcia, Bindoon, Mogumber, Colingini,";
FE1[0]=" Twenty five years after the last vintage at Wyening was bottled in 1973, and the vineyard and winery closed down (see History section) wine is now available at New Norcia. As with the resurrection of New Norcia's bread and olive i";
FE2[0]="ndustries, the monks re-involvement with wine has come about as a result of a providential connection with the right person, Nick Humphrey. Nick, a Perth optometrist, has operated Bindoon Estate for 15 years and over the last few ";
FE3[0]="years has sold a steadily-increasingly percentage of his annual production to New Norcia. Not that the monks are drinking more - they drink in moderation as Holy Father Benedict urged - but there is an increasing tourist trade at ";
FE4[0]="the New Norcia Hotel. The idea of re-introducing the Benedictine Abbey label naturally emerged.  Both the Benedictine Abbey Shiraz and Benedictine Abbey Chenin are made from grapes grown at Nick's Bindoon Estate located some 50 ki";
FE5[0]="lometres south of New Norcia. The fruit is transported to Alkoomi Wines at Frankland River where it is made into wine by winemaker Michael Stamford. The Benedictine Abbey wines are the only ones made exclusively from Nick's fruit.";
FE6[0]=" Once bottled it travels to New Norcia where is is matured in the ancient cool wine cellars under the monastery. Benedictine Abbey Wines can be purchased at both the New Norcia Hotel and the New Norcia Museum Shop. Shiraz sells fo";
FE7[0]="r $20.80 and Chenin for $17.50. The wines are also available by mail order and delivery can be arranged anywhere in Australia.";
FE8[0]="";
FE9[0]="";
LA1[0]=" The Perth Hills Wine Region to the south extends along the Darling Scarp, east of the capital city Perth, from Chittering in the north to Serpentine in the south. The vineyards in the Bickley and Carmel sub-region sit in the high ";
LA2[0]="valleys at the top of the Darling Scarp only 30 km from Perth. Their elevation, up to 400 metres, provides a real contrast to the other metropolitan vineyards. Climate varies significantly with altitude. The cool, wet winters - mu";
LA3[0]="ch colder and wetter than on the coastal plain - are the key to distinctive wines. Winter frosts ensure good fruit set and the warm summers guarantee grape ripening. Valley slopes have ironstone and gravelly loams. Because of surr";
LA4[0]="ounding forest, many growers experience crop losses through bird damage and kangaroos. The much larger plantings in Bindoon and Chittering to the north are amongst rolling farmland, with summer temperatures much hotter. Soils rang";
LA5[0]="e from sandy over gravel to rich clays to gravelly and rocky.";
LA6[0]="";
LA7[0]="";
LA8[0]="";
LA9[0]="";
CL1[0]=" The climate is typically Mediterranean, with cool to cold wet winters and warm dry summers with cold nights. The cool temperatures are influenced by the elevation of between 100 and 400m and winter frosts in the valleys. Vines gro";
CL2[0]="w on alluvial soils in the valleys and less fertile gravelly soils on the slopes. Rainfall occurs mostly in winter and spring, with less likelihood of rain during the important growing and ripening season of November to April.  Ho";
CL3[0]="wever, climate varies significantly with altitude and the different terrain within the region.  In the hills and valleys, winter frosts ensure good fruit set and the warm summers and cold nights guarantee grape ripening. The major";
CL4[0]=" varieties grown include Chardonnay, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Shiraz and Pinot Noir; however production volumes are very small. Annual rainfall: 900-1200mm; Mean January temp: 23.3°C; Sunshine hours per day: 9.1; Heat degree da";
CL5[0]="ys 1550-1800. Annual rainfall 900-1200 mm. Growing season rainfall 220-250 mm; Mean January temperature 22.5°C; Harvest:  Late February-April.";
CL6[0]="";
CL7[0]="";
CL8[0]="";
CL9[0]="";
HI1[0]=" While our Holy Father Benedict wrote in his Rule that wine was not a drink for monks, he also admitted that he could not convince the monks of his own time of this truth, and down the ages monks have continued to be associated wit";
HI2[0]="h alcohol, especially with its production. At New Norcia vines were one of the first things planted by Rosendo Salvado. His original hectare under vine increased to 4 hectares by the mid-1870s. In 1875 he returned with cuttings fr";
HI3[0]="om Spain to improve the vineyards at New Norcia. However, his experimental plantings at Wyening, a property the Community owned some 50 kilometres away, yielded better results. His successor Bishop Torres concentrated his efforts ";
HI4[0]="at Wyening and in 1909 there were 40 acres of vineyard. The grapes were crushed and pressed on site and the 8,000-9,000 gallons of juice taken to New Norcia for fermenting. At that time the wine was not only used at the Monastery ";
HI5[0]="but sold locally mainly to farmers and Italian workers who were in large numbers in the district working in clearing gangs. Wine production increased and became more professional with the building of a stone winery at Wyening from";
HI6[0]=" 1914-1916. In 1916, 80 acres were now under vines and in 1917 the first non-monastic vigneron was employed a Spaniard named Valenz. Benedictine Abbey Wines enjoyed their golden era with the employment of Gustel Schwarzbach, an Au";
HI7[0]="strian who had lived on a vineyard estate in Slovenia. He was recruited from the Northam Migrant Camp in 1949. A colourful character, Mr Schwarzbach was winemaker at Wyening for almost 25 years and produced a full range of wines: ";
HI8[0]="table wines, fortified, sacramental and even spirits. With Mr Schwarzbach's advancing years and a rising salinity problem it was decided to close the vineyard and winery. The last vintage was bottled in 1973, most of the casks wer";
HI9[0]="e sold and the equipment moved to New Norcia. After 25 years the wine was";